Numerical Modeling Approaches for
Simulation of Landmine Blast Loading
Ms. Laura Donahue, Martec Limited
Dr. Amal Bouamoul, Defence R&D Canada - Valcartier
Mr. Tim Dunbar, Martec Limited
Abstract:
Modern combat forces are increasingly being deployed in scenarios where
they are at risk from a variety of landmines. A number of studies are underway
in
Several numerical approaches exist for the simulation of landmine blast
loading. These range from simple loading models based on empirical relations to
relatively complex solutions using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). In
previous studies [1, 2], two CFD multiple-material models were validated
against experimental data from DRDC Suffield and DRDC Valcartier
landmine trials. The most recent implementation, in the Chinook CFD code, assumes
mixed material properties and pressure equilibrium, and is utilized with an
explicit HLLC approximate Riemann algorithm to solve the Euler equations. The
multiple-material approach allows soils with a range of moisture contents and
soil densities to be simulated by specifying the relative volume fractions of
each component (air, water, solid).
In the current work, the Chinook code is used to simulate the loading on a
complex three-dimensional geometry due to a landmine blast, specifically, the
rear suspension of a LAV armoured
personnel carrier. Results are compared with a pressure-based mine loading
model developed by DRDC Valcartier. This model uses a
pressure time-space distribution to apply the initial loading conditions to a
target and is based on the Westine et.
al. impulse model [3]. With the pressure model, the
pressure transmitted to a structure depends on the lateral distance from the
detonation, the standoff distance, the depth of burial, the charge size and
type, and the soil density. This modeling approach has shown good agreement
with both the impulse model and experimental data.
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